πέλασε χθονί

πελάζω, Il.5.766, etc.: [tense] fut. - άσω E.El. 1332 (lyr.), etc.; [dialect] Att.

A

πελῶ A.Pr. 284

(anap.), S.Ph. 1150 (lyr., codd.), OC 1060 (lyr.), El. 497 (lyr.): [tense] aor.

ἐπέλᾰσα E.Hel. 671

(lyr.) ; [dialect] Ep.

πέλασα Il.12.194

; [dialect] Ep. and Lyr.

ἐπέλασσα 21.93

,

πέλασσα 13.1

, Pi.P.4.227 :—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. opt. (trans.)

πελασαίατο Il.17.341

; inf.

πελάσασθαι Emp.133

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. ἐπελάσθην, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.

πέλασθεν Il.12.420

, inf.

πελασθῆναι S.OT 213

(lyr.) ; [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. [voice] Pass.

ἔπλητο Hes. Th. 193

,

ἔπληντο Il.4.449

, etc.,

πλῆτο 14.438

, πλῆντο ib. 468 ; later ἐπλάθην [pron. full] [ᾱ] A.Pr. 897 (lyr.), E. Tr. 203(lyr.), etc.: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass.

πέπλημαι AP5.46

(Rufin.) ; [ per.] 3pl.

πεπλήαται Semon.31

A (fort. πεπλέαται) ; part.

πεπλημένος Od.12.108

; cf. πελάω, πελάθω, πλάθω : ([etym.] πέλας):

A intr., approach, draw near, c. dat.,

πέλασεν νήεσσι Il.12.112

;

ὅς τις ἀϊδρείῃ πελάσῃ Od.12.41

;

ἐὸν.. ἐόντι πελάζει Parm.8.25

; τούτοις σὺ μὴ π. A.Pr. 807, cf. S.Ph. 301, etc.: rarely in Prose,

π. πολεμίοισι Hdt.9.74

;

θηρίοις X.Cyr.1.4.7

, cf. 3.2.10, An.4.2.3 ;

τῷ φθινοπώρῳ Hp.Prog.24

: prov., ὅμοιον ὁμοίῳ ἀεὶ πελάζει like draws to like , Pl. Smp. 195b.

2 less freq. c. gen., ἐπὴν [ ἡ γυνὴ] τόκου π. Hp.Mul. 1.34 ; πάρα.. πελάσαι φάος.. νεῶν light may come near the ships, S. Aj. 709 (lyr.) ;

εἴρξω πελάζειν [σῆς πάτρας] Id.Ph. 1407

(but σῆς πάτρας shd. be deleted) ;

π. πηγῆς Call.Ap.88

(nisi leg. πηγῇσι)

; π. τῆς πόλεως Th.2.77

, Plb.21.6.3 ; also

μὴ πελάσητ' ὄμματος ἐγγύς E.Med. 101

(anap.).

3 with a Prep., πρὸς τοῖχον π. Hes.Op. 732 ;

ἐς τὸν ἀριθμόν Hdt.2.19

; [ τὸ ὕδωρ] ἐς τὸ θερμὸν π. gets hotter, Id.4.181 ;

ἐς τούσδε τόπους S.OC 1761

(anap.) ; εἰς ὄψιν, ἐς σὸν βλέφαρον, E.IT 1212, El. 1332 (anap.) ;

ἐπί τινος Orph.A. 888

;

πρὸς ἀλλήλας Plu.2.564b

.

4 c. acc. loci,

δῶμα πελάζει E.Andr. 1167

(anap.) ; elsewh. dub., S.OC 1060 (fort. εἰς νομόν), Ph. 1150 (but φυγᾷ μ' οὐκέτι.. πελᾶτ' shd. be taken in trans. sense, will no more draw me after you).

5 abs., X.Cyr.7.1.48.

II approach (in marriage),

ματρὶ τεᾷ πελάσαις Pi.N.10.81

;

ἐπὶ παρθενικῆς λέχος AP5.301

(Agath.).

B causal, only in Poets, bring near or to, freq. in Hom. (Hes. only Op. 431), both of persons and things, [

νέας] Κρήτῃ ἐπέλασσεν Od.3.291

, cf. 300 ;

με.. γαίῃ Θεσπρωτῶν πέλασεν μέγα κῦμα 14.315

;

τοὺς δ' Ἰθάκῃ ἐπέλασσε φέρων ἄνεμος 15.482

;

π. τινὰ Ἀχιλῆϊ Il.24.154

, cf. 2.744, etc.; Ζεὺς.. Ἕκτορα νηυσὶ π. let him approach the ships, 13.1 ; νευρὴν μὲν μαζῷ πέλασεν τόξῳ δὲ σίδηρον brought the string up to his breast, etc., of one drawing a bow, 4.123 ; ἐπέλασσα θαλάσσῃ στῆθος, in swimming, Od.14.350 ; πάντας.. πέλασε χθονί brought them to earth, Il.8.277 ;

οὔδει τινὰ πελάσσαι 23.719

, etc.;

ἱστὸν δ' ἱστοδόκῃ πέλασαν 1.434

; βόας ζεύγλᾳ π. Pi.P.4.227 ; δεσμοῖς τινὰ π. A.Pr. 155 (anap.) ;

βρόχῳ δέρην E.Alc. 230

(lyr.) ; μὴ πέλαζε μητρί (sc. τέκνα) Id.Med.91 ;

κορώνῃ νευρειήν Theoc.25.212

; ἐπεί ἐπέλασσέ γε δαίμων brought [ him so far], Il.15.418, cf. 21.93 ; γόμφοισιν πελάσας [ γύην] when he has fixed [ the plough-tree to the pole] with nails, Hes.Op. 431 : metaph., ἑ.. κακῇς ὀδύνῃσι π. bring him into pain, Il.5.766 ; ἐμὲ.. κράτει πέλασον endue me with might, Pi. O.1.78 ; Βορέᾳ σῶμα π. exposing it.., Ar.Av. 1399 (anap.) ; ἔπος ἐρέω, ἀδάμαντι πελάσσας (sc. αὐτό) having made it firm as adamant, Orac. ap. Hdt.7.141.

2 folld. by a Prep.,

με.. νῆσον ἐς Ὠγυγίην πέλασαν θεοί Od. 7.254

;

κτήματα δ' ἐν σπήεσσι πελάσσατε 10.404

, cf. 424 ; also

δεῦρο π. τινά 5.111

;

οὖδάσδε πελάζειν τινά 10.440

.

3 [voice] Med., bring near to oneself, οὐκ ἔστιν πελάσασθαι ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἐφικτόν Emp.l.c.

C [voice] Pass., like the intr. [voice] Act., come nigh, approach, etc., c. dat.,

ἀσπίδες.. ἔπληντ' ἀλλήλῃσι Il.4.449

; πλῆτο χθονί he came near (i. e. sank to) earth, 14.438 ; οὔδεϊ πλῆντο ib. 468 ;

σκοπέλῳ πεπλημένος Od. 12.108

: abs., ἐπεὶ τὰ πρῶτα πέλασθεν (sc. τείχει) Il.12.420, cf. A.Th. 144 (lyr.).

2 rarely c. gen.,

Χρύσης πελασθεὶς φύλακος S.Ph. 1327

.

3 folld. by a Prep.,

πελασθῆναι ἐπὶ τὸν θεόν Id.OT 213

(lyr.).

II approach or wed, of a woman,

μηδὲ πλαθείην γαμέτᾳ A.Pr. 897

(lyr.), cf. E.Andr.25 ; v. supr. A. 11.

ἐπασσύτερος [pron. full] [ῠ], α, ον, [dialect] Ep.Adj.

A one upon another, one after another, mostly in pl.,

ἐπασσύτεραι κίνυντο φάλαγγες Il.4.427

;

πάντας ἐπασσυτέρους πέλασε χθονί 8

.[277]; σκοποὶ ἷζον αἰὲν ἐπασσύτεροι watchers sat one after another, i.e. at short distances, Od.16.366;

τριηκοσίας πέτρας πέμπον ἐ. Hes.Th. 716

;

ἐ. ποσὶν ἕρπον Nic.Th. 717

: and in sg., κῦμα.. ὄρνυτ' ἐπασσύτερον wave upon wave, Il.4.423.

II frequent, repeated,

λυγμοί Nic.Th. 246

: with sg. word, ἐ. οὖρος, perh. following breeze or ever-freshening, A.R.1.579; and so ἐ. βιότοιο χρησμοσύνη ever-growing penury, Id.2.472. (Perh. from ἐπ-αν (α) -ς (ε) υ-.)

Grammatical information: Adv.

Meaning: `near, nearby' (Od.); ὁ πέλας `nearest one, neighbour, next one' (IA.). Beside it 1. the nasalpresent πίλναμαι ( πίλ-ν-α-μαι), - νάω, also w. ἐπι-, προσ-, `to draw near' (Il.; for the formation cf. κίρνημι s. κεράννυ-μι); 2. the athem. aor. πλῆ-το (Il.), with which ἐπλά̄-θην (trag. in lyr.), πέ-πλη-μαι (Od.), πλά̄-θω (trag. in lyr.); 3. the σ-aor. πελά-σ(σ)αι `to draw near', also `to bring near', midd. - σασθαι, pass. - σθῆναι (Il.), to which as new presents πελάζω, also w. ἐμ-, ἐπι-, προσ- (Ε 766), πελάθω (trag. in lyr.), πελάω, ἐμ- πέλας (h. Hom. 7, 44, hell.); fut. πελῶ (Att.).

Derivatives: 1. πελά-της, Dor. - τας m. `one who comes near, serf, jobber' (trag., Pl.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 42), f. - τις (Plu.), with - τικός (D.H.); ἐμπελά-τειρα f. = πελάτις (Call., Euph.); 2. πέλα-σις f. ( ἐμ-, προσ-) `approach' (S.E., Procl.); 3. ἄ-πλη-τος (ep.), ἄ-πλᾱ-τος (Dor., trag.) `unapproachable, appalling'; 4. πλᾶ-τις, - ιδος f. `wife' (Ar., Lyc.); 5. τειχεσι-πλῆτα voc. surn. of Ares (Ε 31, 455; meaning unclear, cf. below and Fraenkel l.c.); 6. πλήτης πλησιαστής H. (from 5. concluded?). -- On δασπλῆτις s. v. -- Old adv. πλησίον (Il.), Aeol. πλά̄-σιον, Dor. πλᾱτίον `near', beside which the adj. πλησίος `standing nearby, neighbouring' (ep. ion. Il.); as 1. member e.g. in πλησιό-χωρος `neighbouring' (IA.). From this πλησι-ότης f. `neighbourhood' (A. D.); πλησι-άζω (Dor. πλᾱτι-) `to approach, to accompany, to associate with' (Att.) with - ασμός, - ασμα, - ασις (Arist.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [801] * pelh₂- `push'

Etymology: No certain agreement outside Greek. After Lobeck in Curtius 278 orig. "striking against (anstoßend)" (cf. ἴκταρ with several meaning parallels); further to Lat. pellō `push', Celt., e.g. OIr. ad-ella (\< * pel-nā-t = Lat. appellat) `visits', fut. eblaid \< * pi-plā-seti `will drive' (Froehde BB. 3, 308 resp. Vendryes MSL 16, 301 f.). Traces of this more concrete meaning can perh. still be found in expressions like πέλασε χθονί `threw to the ground', ὀδύνησι πελάζειν `sink in sorrow'; also in τειχεσι-πλῆτα as surn. of Ares ("wall-stormer ?). So πέλας as old nom. (- acc.; Schwyzer 516 n. 620) prop. "(first) push"; similar πλᾱτίον, πλησίον lengthened from an adverbial *πλᾱ-τ-ι (Schw. 621, 623)? The weakness of this in itself quite possible explanation lies in the absence of certain morphological criteria; the Celt. forms seem to agree in ablaut with the Greek ones (IE * pelh₂-, plā-); cf. OIr. adella `visits' and πλησιάζει `associates with'. Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 57f., Pok. 801 f., W.-Hofmann s. pellō. Vgl. πλήν, πλήσσω.

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